Which constellation is notable for its extreme penalties, referencing an Athenian lawmaker?

The constellation that is notable for its extreme penalties, referencing an Athenian lawmaker, is Draco. This connection comes from the historical figure Draco, an Athenian legislator in the 7th century BCE, who was famous for his harsh legal code where even minor offenses could warrant severe punishments, often leading to the term "draconian" to describe similarly severe laws. Draco's legacy as a symbol of extremity in legal enforcement aligns with the imagery and mythological associations surrounding the constellation Draco, which represents the dragon that guarded the golden apples in the Garden of the Hesperides in Greek mythology.

Draco is situated in the northern sky and is one of the largest constellations, but its significance is more deeply tied to the cultural and historical context associated with the name, illustrating how ancient history and astronomy are intertwined. The other constellation options do not have this specific association with the theme of extreme penalties or the name Draco itself.